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1. Hematite and impurities distributed in ores with uneven grain size and more fine-grained content, which include a small amount of magnetite ores.
2. Gangue minerals contain hematite with complex ore properties such as quartz and kaolin.
There are three typical beneficiation processes of hematite: continuous grinding – weak magnetic – strong magnetic – anion reverse flotation, stage grinding – coarse subdivision – heavy magnetic – anion reverse flotation and stage grinding – coarse subdivision – magnetic – heavy anion reverse flotation.
The main features of this process are:
(1) It has good adaptability to technological mineralogical characteristics of iron ore. In view of the fine particle size of iron ore and the need for fine grinding, the ore is grinded by continuous grinding until all the monomers are separated and sorted.
(2) The combination of weak magnetic field, strong magnetic field and anionic reverse flotation realizes the combination of process flow. After continuous grinding, the primary slime and secondary slime in the grinding products are removed and a large number of tailings are discarded by weak magnetic separation and high magnetic separation. This not only improves the grade of iron in the feed material of anionic reverse flotation, but also benefits the quality of iron concentrate obtained by anionic reverse flotation. More importantly, after discarding the primary and secondary slime in the weak magnetic separation and high magnetic separation, it creates good technological conditions for anionic reverse flotation and helps the anionic reverse flotation to play a better role.
(3) The process is easy to obtain better sorting index. At present, the equipment of high-intensity magnetic operation is ideal hematite tailing equipment, and anionic reverse flotation is ideal for hematite beneficiation to obtain high-grade iron concentrate.
The process is characterized by:
After primary grinding, the raw ore is classified by hydrocyclone, and the coarse and fine grade are treated separately; the coarse grade is gravitated by spiral chute, and the qualified coarse concentrate is obtained in time; the fine grade is treated by weak magnetic-strong magnetic-reverse flotation; the fine concentrate with good separation index and high grade is ensured; the secondary grinding of gravity concentrate is returned to the cyclone classification operation. The granularity composition of concentrate in the whole process is mainly gravity concentrate, and the amount of alkaline fine concentrate in reverse flotation is small, unlike continuous grinding-weak magnetic-strong magnetic-reverse flotation process, it is easy to cause filtration difficulties.
(1) Stage grinding process is adopted. After the first stage grinding, the classification and separation can be realized under the coarser particle size, which greatly reduces the amount of ore entering the second stage grinding and is conducive to reducing the cost. At the same time, coarse iron concentrate is conducive to filtration.
(2) Selection is highly targeted. Minerals dissociate randomly in the grinding process. Minerals that have reached monomer dissociation under rough grinding conditions should be separated as early as possible. With this process, coarse-grained iron ore which has been separated monomer can be gravitated by spiral chute. Concentrate can be obtained and tailings can be discarded by using high-intensity magnetic-anion reverse flotation process with high separation efficiency. The effective combination of coarse-grained beneficiation method and fine-grained beneficiation method makes the process economical and reasonable and technologically advanced.
(3) Narrow-level selection has been achieved. In the process of mineral separation, the degree of mineral separation is related not only to the characteristics of minerals themselves, but also to the specific surface area of mineral particles. To achieve narrow-grade mineral separation, the above-mentioned chaotic phenomena in flotation process can be eliminated to a large extent, and the efficiency of mineral processing can be improved.
The characteristics of the process are as follows:
(1) Stage grinding process is adopted. Because of the stage grinding and separation technology, the second stage grinding quantity is reduced.
(2) Pre-tailing of strong magnetic field. The amount of tailings discarded in advance by high intensity magnetic field is generally over 45%, which greatly reduces the amount of ore dressing in follow-up operation and saves the investment of equipment.
